European Neuropsychopharmacology
Volume 20, Issue 6 , Pages 426-432 , June 2010

Manifesto for a European Anxiety Disorders Research Network

  • David S. Baldwin

      Affiliations

    • Clinical Neuroscience Division, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +44 2380 825533; fax +2380 234243.
    • ,
  • Christer Allgulander

      Affiliations

    • Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
    • ,
  • Alfredo Carlo Altamura

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
    • ,
  • Jules Angst

      Affiliations

    • Zurich University Psychiatric Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
    • ,
  • Borwin Bandelow

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
    • ,
  • Johan den Boer

      Affiliations

    • University Medical Centre Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Patrice Boyer

      Affiliations

    • University Paris 7, Paris, France
    • ,
  • Simon Davies

      Affiliations

    • Academic Unit of Psychiatry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
    • ,
  • Bernardo dell'Osso

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
    • ,
  • Elias Eriksson

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pharmacology, Gothenberg University, Gothenberg, Sweden
    • ,
  • Naomi Fineberg

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Welwyn Garden City, UK
    • ,
  • Mats Fredrikson

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
    • ,
  • Andres Herran

      Affiliations

    • Psychiatric Research Unit of Cantabria, Department of Psychiatry, CIBERSAM, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
    • ,
  • Eduard Maron

      Affiliations

    • Estonian Genome Center and IMCB, University of Tartu, Estonia
    • Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Molecular Imaging, Imperial College of Medicine, London UK
    • ,
  • Andres Metspalu

      Affiliations

    • Estonian Genome Center and IMCB, University of Tartu, Estonia
    • ,
  • David Nutt

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Molecular Imaging, Imperial College of Medicine, London UK
    • ,
  • Nic van der Wee

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Jose Luis Vázquez-Barquero

      Affiliations

    • Psychiatric Research Unit of Cantabria, Department of Psychiatry, CIBERSAM, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
    • ,
  • Joseph Zohar

      Affiliations

    • Chaim Sheba Medical Centre, Tel Hashomer, Israel

Received 21 December 2009 ,Revised 9 February 2010 ,Accepted 14 February 2010.

References 

  1. Allgulander C, Bandelow B, Hollander E, Montgomery SA, Nutt DJ, Okasha A, et al. WCA recommendations for the long-term treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. CNS Spectr. 2003;8:53–61
  2. Altamura AC, Santini A, Salvadori D, Mundo E. Duration of untreated illness in panic disorder: a poor outcome risk factor?. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat. 2005;1:345–347
  3. Andlin-Sobocki P, Wittchen H-U. Costs of anxiety disorders in Europe. Eur. J. Neurol. 2005;12(Suppl. 1):39–44
  4. Andlin-Sobocki P, Jonsson B, Wittchen H-U, Olesen J. Cost of disorders of the brain in Europe. Eur. J. Neurol. 2005;12(Suppl. 1):1–27
  5. Andrade L, Caraveo-Anduaga JJ, Berglund P, Bijl RV, De Graaf R, Vollebergh W, et al. The epidemiology of major depressive episodes; results from the International Consortium of Psychiatric Epidemiology (ICPE) Surveys. Int. J. Meth. Psychiatr. Res. 2003;12:3–21
  6. Baldwin DS. Room for improvement in the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2008;14:3482–3491
  7. Baldwin DS, Lopes AT. The influence of comorbid anxiety disorders on outcome in major depressive disorder. Medicographia. 2009;31:126–131
  8. Baldwin DS, Anderson IM, Nutt DJ, Bandelow B, Bond A, Davidson JR, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders: recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J. Psychopharmacol. 2005;19:567–596
  9. Ballenger JC, Davidson JR, Lecrubier Y, Nutt DJ, Kirmayer LJ, Lepine JP, et al. Consensus statement on transcultural issues in depression and anxiety from the international Consensus group on Depression and Anxiety. J. Clin. Psychiatr. 2001;62(suppl. 13):47–55
  10. Bandelow B, Zohar J, Hollander E, Kasper S, Möller H-J, Zohar J, et al. World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and post-traumatic stress disorders-first revision. World J. Biol. Psychiatry. 2008;9:248–312
  11. Bremner JD, Charney DS. Neural circuits in fear and anxiety. In:  Stein DJ,  Hollander E,  Rothbaum BO editor. Textbook of Anxiety Disorders. Second edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing Inc; 2009;p. 55–67
  12. Bruce SE, Yonkers KA, Otto MW, Eisen JL, Weisberg RB, Pagano M, et al. Influence of psychiatric comorbidity on recovery and recurrence in generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, and panic disorder: a 12-year prospective study. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2005;162:1179–1187
  13. Buckley PF, Miller BJ, Lehrer DS, Castle DJ. Psychiatric comorbidities and schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 2009;35:383–402
  14. Castle DJ. Anxiety and substance use: layers of complexity. Expert Rev. Neurother. 2008;8:493–501
  15. Chamberlain SR, Blackwell AD, Fineberg NA, Robbins TW, Sahakian BJ. The neuropsychology of obsessive compulsive disorder: the importance of failures in cognitive and behavioural inhibition as candidate endophenotypic markers. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2005;29:399–419
  16. Choy Y, Peselow ED, Case BG, Pressman MA, Luff JA, Laje G, et al. Three-year medication prophylaxis in panic disorder: to continue or discontinue? A naturalistic study. Compr. Psychiatr. 2007;48:419–425
  17. Crippa JA, Zuardi AW, Martin-Santos R, Bhattacharyya S, Atakan Z, McGuire P, et al. Cannabis and anxiety: a critical review of the evidence. Hum. Psychopharmacol. 2009;24:515–523
  18. Davies SJC, Lowry CA, Nutt DJ. Panic and hypertension: brothers in arms through 5-HT?. J. Psychopharmacol. 2007;21:563–566
  19. European Union Commission. EU-funded research on mental health. MEMO/05/377 (17/10/2005).
  20. Fehm L, Pelissolo A, Furmark Y, Wittchen H-U. Size and burden of social phobia in Europe. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005;15:453–462
  21. Finn DA, Rutledge-Gorman MT, Crabbe JC. Genetic animal models of anxiety. Neurogenetics. 2003;4:109–135
  22. Flannery-Schroeder EC. Reducing anxiety to prevent depression. Am. J. Prevent. Med. 2006;31(suppl. 1):S136–S142
  23. Gaudiano BA, Miller IW. Anxiety disorder comorbidity in bipolar I disorder: relationship to depression severity and treatment outcome. Depress. Anx. 2005;21:71–77
  24. Goodwin RD, Faravelli C, Rosi S, Cosci E, Truglia R, de Graaf R, et al. The epidemiology of panic disorder and agoraphobia in Europe. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005;15:435–443
  25. Grillon C. Startle reactivity and anxiety disorders: aversive conditioning, context, and neurobiology. Biol. Psychiatry. 2002;52:958–975
  26. Hawgood J, De LD. Anxiety disorders and suicidal behaviour: an update. Curr. Opin. Psychiatry. 2008;21:51–64
  27. Henry C, Van den Bulke D, Bellivier F, Etan B, Rouillon F, Leboyer M. Anxiety disorders in 318 bipolar patients: prevalence and impact on illness severity and response to mood stabilizer. J. Clin. Psychiatry. 2003;64:331–335
  28. Hinton DE, Pollack MH. Introduction to the special issue on anxiety disorders in cross-cultural perspective. CNS Neurosci. Ther. 2009;15:207–209
  29. Hirschmann S, Dannon PN, Iancu I, Dolberg OT, Zohar J, Grunhaus L. Pindolol augmentation in patients with treatment-resistant panic disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2000;20:556–559
  30. Hoffman DL, Dukes EM, Wittchen H-U. Human and economic burden of generalized anxiety disorder. Depress. Anxiety. 2008;25:72–90
  31. Hofmann SG, Pollack MH, Otto MW. Augmentation treatment of psychotherapy for anxiety disorders with D-cycloserine. CNS Drug Rev. 2006;12:208–217
  32. Horwath E, Weissmann MM. The epidemiology and cross-national presentation of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatr. Clin. N. Amer. 2000;23:493–507
  33. Hyde J, Evans J, Sharp D, Croudace T, Harrison G, Lewis G, et al. Deciding who gets treatment for depression and anxiety: a study of consecutive GP attenders. Br. J. Gen. Pract. 2005;55:846–853
  34. Kahn RS, Fleischhacker WW, Boter H, Davidson M, Vergouwe Y, Keet IP, et al. Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in first-episode schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder: an open randomised clinical trial. Lancet. 2008;371:1085–1097
  35. Kessler RC. The impairments caused by social phobia in the general population: implications for intervention. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2003;417:19–27
  36. Ledoux J. Fear and the brain: where have we been, and where are we going?. Biol. Psychiatry. 1998;44:1229–1238
  37. Lieb R, Becker E, Altamura C. The epidemiology of generalized anxiety disorder in Europe. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005;15:445–452
  38. Maj M. The future of academic psychiatry in Europe. Int. Psychiatry. 2007;4:53–54
  39. McCrone P, Dhanasiri S, Patel A, Knapp M, Lawton-Smith S. Paying the Price. The cost of mental health care in England to 2026. King's Fund; 2008;ISBN 978 18571175714
  40. Merikangas KR, Kalaydjian A. Magnitude and impact of comorbidity of mental disorders from epidemiologic surveys. Curr. Opin. Psychiatry. 2007;20:353–358
  41. Mitte K. A meta-analysis of the efficacy of psycho- and pharmacotherapy in panic disorder with and without agoraphobia. J. Affect. Disord. 2005;88:27–45
  42. Naber D, Lambert M. The CATIE and CUtLASS studies in schizophrenia: results and implications for clinicians. CNS Drugs. 2009;23:649–659
  43. Padhi AK, Fineberg NA. How should we measure health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?. J. Psychopharmacol. 2009;23 (suppl.):A33
  44. Pan C, Pfeil BS. Minderheitenrechte in Europa. Handbuch der europäischen Volksgruppen. 2002;English translation, 2004
  45. Pollack MH, Simon NM, Zalta AK, et al. Olanzapine augmentation of fluoxetine for refractory generalized anxiety disorder: a placebo controlled study. Biol. Psychiatry. 2006;59:211–215
  46. Cichon S, Craddock N, Daly M, Faraone SV, Gejman PV, Kelsoe J, et al. Genomewide association studies: history, rationale, and prospects for psychiatric disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2009;166:540–556
  47. Rettew DC, McKee L. Temperament and its role in developmental psychopathology. Harv. Rev. Psychiatry. 2005;13:14–27
  48. Robinson J, Sareen J, Cox BJ, Bolton J. Self-medication of anxiety disorders with alcohol and drugs: results from a nationally representative sample. J. Anxiety Disord. 2009;23:38–45
  49. Roy-Byrne PP, Davidson KW, Kessler RC, Asmundson GJ, Goodwin RD, Kubzansky L, et al. Anxiety disorders and comorbid medical illness. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry. 2008;30:208–225
  50. Salimi-Korshidi G, Smith SM, Keltner JR, Wager TD, Nichols TE. Meta-analysis of neuroimaging data: a comparison of image-based and coordinate-based pooling of studies. Neuroimage. 2009;45:810–823
  51. Sareen J, Cox BJ, Agifi TO, et al. Anxiety disorders and risk for suicidal ideation and suicide attempts: a population based longitudinal study of adults. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2005;62:1249–1257
  52. Sehlmeyer C, Schöning S, Zwitserlood P, Pfleiderer B, Kircher T, Arolt V, et al. Human fear conditioning and extinction in neuroimaging: a systematic review. PLoS ONE. 2009;10:e5865
  53. Skapinakis P, Papatheodorou T, Mavreas V. Antipsychotic augmentation of serotonergic antidepressants in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2007;15:79–93
  54. Stein MB, Sherbourne CD, Craske MG, Means-Christensen A, Bystritsky A, Katon W, et al. Quality of care for primary care patients with anxiety disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2004;161:2230–2237
  55. Wang PS, Berglund P, Kessler RC. Recent care of common mental disorders in the United States: prevalence and conformance with evidence-based recommendations. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 2000;15:284–292
  56. Warden D, Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Fava M, Wisniewski SR. The STAR*D Project results: a comprehensive review of findings. Curr. Psychiatry Rep. 2007;9:449–459
  57. Wittchen H-U, Jacobi F. Size and burden of mental disorders in Europe — a critical review and appraisal of 27 studies. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005;15:357–376
  58. Wittchen H-U, Kessler RC, Beesdo K, Krause P, Hoflerm M, Hoyer J. Generalized anxiety and depression in primary care: prevalence, recognition, and management. J. Clin. Psychiatry. 2002;63(Suppl. 8):24–34
  59. Wittchen H-U, Jonsson B, Olesen J. Towards a better understanding of the size and burden and cost of brain disorders in Europe. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005;15:355–356
  60. Ziedonis D, Hitsman B, Beckham JC, Zvolensky M, Adler LE, Audrain-McGovern J, et al. Tobacco use and cessation in psychiatric disorders: National Institute of Mental Health report. Nicotine Tob. Res. 2008;10:1691–1715

PII: S0924-977X(10)00048-9

doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2010.02.015

European Neuropsychopharmacology
Volume 20, Issue 6 , Pages 426-432 , June 2010

Article Tools